To reverse the code points of a string in Ruby, you can use the codepoints method to get an array of Unicode code points, then reverse that array, and finally use the pack method to convert it back to a string. Here's how you can do it: str = "hello" reversed_str = str.codepoints.reverse.pack("U*") puts reversed_str To convert code points between UTF-8 and UTF-16, you can use the pack and unpack methods in Ruby. Here's how you can do it: # UTF-8 to UTF-16 utf8_codepoints = [0xf0, 0x9f, 0x8f, 0xb3] utf8_string = utf8_codepoints.pack("U*") utf16_codepoints = utf8_string.unpack("U*") puts utf16_codepoints.inspect # UTF-16 to UTF-8 utf16_codepoints = [0xe2, 0x82, 0xac] utf16_string = utf16_codepoints.pack("U*") utf8_codepoints = utf16_string.unpack("U*") puts utf8_codepoints.inspect # UTF-8 to UTF-16 utf8_codepoints = [0xf0, 0x9f, 0x8f, 0xb3] utf8_string = utf8_codepoints.pack("U*") utf16_codepoints = utf8_string.unpack("U*") puts utf16_codepoints.inspect # UTF-16 to UTF-8 utf16_codepoints = [0xe2, 0x82, 0xac] utf16_string = utf16_codepoints.pack("U*") utf8_codepoints = utf16_string.unpack("U*") puts utf8_codepoints.inspect # UTF-8 to UTF-16 utf8_codepoints = [0xf0, 0x9f, 0x8f, 0xb3] utf8_string = utf8_codepoints.pack("U*") utf16_codepoints = utf8_string.unpack("U*") puts utf16_codepoints.inspect # UTF-16 to UTF-8 utf16_codepoints = [0xe2, 0x82, 0xac] utf16_string = utf16_codepoints.pack("U*") utf8_codepoints = utf16_string.unpack("U*") puts utf8_codepoints.inspect To show the US flag emoji (🇺🇸) composed of [0x1f1fa, 0x1f1f8], you can use the pack method to convert these code points to a string: us_flag_codepoints = [0x1f1fa, 0x1f1f8] us_flag_emoji = us_flag_codepoints.pack("U*") puts us_flag_emoji # Compose a symbol consisting of multiple code points symbol_codepoints = [0x1f468, 0x200d, 0x1f393, 0x200d, 0x1f3a4] # Man Technologist symbol = symbol_codepoints.pack("U*") puts symbol https://mehndidesignworld.com/simple-mehndi-designs/